For decades, autism was widely perceived as a condition diagnosed primarily in early childhood. However, a growing number of adults are now seeking—and receiving—autism assessments later in life. This shift reflects a deeper societal understanding of neurodiversity, better recognition of autistic traits beyond childhood, and an urgent desire for self-understanding. But why are so many adults arriving at this turning point only now?
A History of Misunderstanding
Until relatively recently, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was narrowly defined. Diagnostic criteria focused heavily on behaviours typically observed in young boys—such as delays in speech, repetitive physical actions, or overt social challenges. As a result, generations of individuals, especially women and people of colour, went undiagnosed due to masking, coping strategies, or simply not fitting the stereotypical mould.
Schools, healthcare systems, and families often lacked the knowledge or resources to spot subtler manifestations of autism. In many cases, autistic individuals were misdiagnosed with anxiety, depression, personality disorders, or ADHD—conditions with overlapping but distinct characteristics. Only now, with improved understanding and more inclusive criteria, are these missed diagnoses being revisited.
The Rise of Self-Identification and Online Communities
Social media and online forums have become crucial tools for spreading awareness about neurodiversity. Many adults first encounter autism through shared content—infographics, personal stories, or videos—that resonate with their lived experience. These revelations often spark a period of intense self-reflection.
Communities like #ActuallyAutistic on Twitter, Reddit threads, and neurodiversity advocates on YouTube and TikTok have empowered thousands to explore the possibility of being on the spectrum. For many, these platforms provide a language to describe experiences they’ve long struggled to articulate—like sensory overload, difficulty with unspoken social rules, or a lifelong feeling of being “different.”
The Benefits of a Late Diagnosis
Receiving an autism diagnosis as an adult can be a profoundly validating experience. It often helps people reframe their life story—not as a series of personal failures or misunderstandings, but as the result of unrecognised neurological differences. Many describe it as finally having a map for terrain they’ve wandered for years without guidance.
A formal diagnosis can also unlock access to workplace accommodations, therapeutic services, and supportive communities. It can improve relationships by providing clearer communication tools and mutual understanding. For some, it even allows healing from the shame and confusion associated with years of misdiagnosed or unsupported mental health challenges.
Challenges Along the Path
Despite these benefits, seeking an autism assessment in adulthood can be daunting. Waitlists are long, particularly within public health systems, and private assessments can be expensive. There is also a lingering stigma—both societal and internalised—that makes some adults hesitant to pursue a diagnosis.
In some cases, clinicians remain unfamiliar with how autism presents in adults, especially those who have developed strong masking abilities. Misdiagnosis remains a risk, and the journey often requires resilience, persistence, and emotional support.
A Call for Greater Awareness and Inclusion
The rising number of late-diagnosed adults underscores the urgent need for more accessible, informed, and compassionate diagnostic services. Clinicians, educators, employers, and families all have a role to play in expanding our understanding of what autism looks like across the lifespan.
It also calls for a rethinking of assumptions: not all autistic people are identified in childhood, not all “high functioning” individuals are without support needs, and not all challenges are visible. Creating space for adult voices in the autism conversation is essential if we hope to build a truly inclusive and neurodiverse society.